IoT-enhanced Extensible Messaging Presence Protocol: A Multiple Multicast Architecture for Diverse Applications
Keywords:
XMPP, Publisher Subscriber, Multiple Multicast Communication (MMC), Internet of Things (IoT), Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)Abstract
Extensible Messaging Presence Protocol (XMPP) is a real-time information transmission specification protocol based on IP technology and XML supporting publish/subscribe messaging systems. Publishers use multicast to send data simultaneously to multiple subscribers. IoT devices benefit enormously by using XMPP Extension Protocols (XEPs) available in the literature that enables using XMPP for multicast. Publishers are considering Multiple Multicast (MMC) to address subscriber overlap while sending messages to multiple subscribers simultaneously. This study proposes an approach for extending XMPP for multiple multicast in resource-constrained IoT environments. In the literature, multiple multicast is rarely discussed in a mobile, publish-subscribe scenario. Hence, a novel architecture to cater to the multiple multicast environments for data exchange between multiple publisher nodes to multiple groups of subscriber nodes has been proposed. In this work, cluster heads help forward the data to nodes connected to it, and cloud storage ensures the message is successfully delivered to all the subscribers by creating a hierarchical structure for the network. Using a multilevel cache prevents overloading at any cache memory level. This study attempts to reduce the number of replications and overheads incurred by the replications. A mathematical formula is devised to optimize latency and bandwidth, subject to constraints during message passing down the logical tree. Pseudo code and algorithms on message transmission by a publisher and various other cases, such as subscriber management and changing the cluster head, are discussed. A diverse set of example cases are presented that can use multiple multicast for XMPP-based applications. The basic version of this work was presented in INCET 2022 Conference.
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